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REGEX - METHODS

There are five methods in that we use commonly.

Let us see them in detail :

scan() Method

We have already seen the scan() Method in the earlier examples.

The scan() Method is ued to search for a pattern and returns the result as a Array.

Say for example, let us take the String,
```
"Cool Guy"
```
And let us say, you want to check, how many times o and u is there in the string?

In such case '|' Symbol is the option. Just give the option of u|o(i.e. u or o).
```
'u|o'
```
And no matter, where u or o is. Ruby finds them.

Let us see in the below example,

Example :
```
str = "Cool Guy"
x = str.scan(/u|o/)

puts "The Array elements are : #{x}"

if x
	puts "Found a match"
else
	puts "Did not find a match"
end
```
Output :

The Array elements are : ["o", "o", "u"]
Found a match

So, in the above example, we have checked, how many times o and u is there in the string?

And we have used the scan() Method to find the results.
```
x = str.scan(/u|o/)
```
And Ruby checks the actual String,
```
str = "Cool Guy"
```
And finds that there is a word, Cool has two 'o's and the word, Guy has one u.

Now, if you see the output,
```
The Array elements are : ["o", "o", "u"]
```
So, the findall() Method had returned the Array x has three items in it. i.e. o, o and u.

match() Method

match() Method returns a Match Data if the pattern is matched.

Let us take the above example and understand the match() Method.

Example :
```
str = "Cool Guy"
x = str.match("u|o")

puts "The Match Data is : #{x}"

if x
	puts "Found a match"
else
	puts "Did not find a match"
end
```
Output :

The Match Data is : o
Found a match

split() Method

split() Method returns the searched results as a Array, splitted by the search pattern.

Let us say, we have the below String,
```
"Hello Beautiful World"
```
And we want to split the above String with respect to white space and put the pieces inti a Array.

i.e. There are two spaces between Hello and Beautiful, Beautiful and World.

So what we want is, form a Array with Hello, Beautiful and World.

Let us see in the below example:

Example :
```
str = "Hello Beautiful World"
x = str.split("\s")

puts "The Array elements are : #{x}"
```
Output :

The Array elements are : ["Hello", "Beautiful", "World"]

So, in the above code, we have used the split() Method to split the String Hello Beautiful World using a white space (i.e. \s).
```
x = str.split("\s")
```
Now, if you see the below output, we got a Array with Hello, Beautiful and World.
```
The Array elements are : ["Hello", "Beautiful", "World"]
```

sub() Method

The sub() Method is used to replace the first occurrence of the searched pattern with a given text.

Let us say, we have the below String,
```
"Hello Beautiful World"
```
And we want to replace the first white space with :.

i.e. The new String should be,
```
"Hello:Beautiful World"
```
Let us see in the below example:

Example :
```
str = "Hello Beautiful World"
x = str.sub("\s", ":")

puts "The new String is : #{x}"
```
Output :

The new String is : Hello:Beautiful World

So, in the above code, we have used the sub() Method to replace the first white space with :.
```
x = re.sub("\s", ":")
```
Now, if you see the below output, we got the new String, where the first space got replaced by ':'.
```
The new String is : Hello:Beautiful World
```

gsub()

The gsub() Method is used to replace the searched pattern with a given text.

Let us say, we have the below String,
```
"Hello Beautiful World"
```
And we want to replace white spaces with ':'.

i.e. The new String should be,
```
"Hello:Beautiful:World"
```
Let us see in the below example:

Example :
```
str = "Hello Beautiful World"
x = str.gsub("\s", ":")

puts "The new String is : #{x}"
```
Output :

The new String is : ('Hello:Beautiful:World', 2)

So, in the above code, we have used the gsub() Method to replace all the white spaces with :.
```
x = str.gsub("\s", ":")
```

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